Contents


Collection Overview

Biographical Note

Scope and Contents of the Collection

Organization of the Collection

Search Terms

Series 1. CORRESPONDENCE:

Series 2. GENERAL FILES:

Series 3. CONSPIRACY TRIAL (KISSINGER PLOT)

Series 4. NOTES:

Series 5. RESEARCH MATERIAL:

Series 6. WRITINGS

Series 7. AV MATERIAL

Series 8. POSTERS

Series 1. CORRESPONDENCE:

Series 2. GENERAL FILES:

Series 3. CONSPIRACY TRIAL (KISSINGER PLOT)

Series 4. NOTES:

Series 5. RESEARCH MATERIAL:

Series 6. WRITINGS

Series 7. AV MATERIAL

Series 8. POSTERS

Eqbal Ahmad Papers, 1956-1999

Finding Aid

Finding aid prepared by Susan A. Dayall.

Encoding funded by the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation.

© 2001

Collection Overview

Creator: Ahmad, Eqbal, 1932-1999
Title: Eqbal Ahmed Papers
Dates: 1956-1999
Dates: 1966-1999
Abstract: Correspondence, notes and writings document the life and thought of Eqbal Ahmad (1932-1999), an eminent Third World scholar. Ahmad's major interest in politics and political theory led him to analyze many of the revolutionary and liberation movements of the modern Third World, while remaining vehemently opposed to war and violence. Also present are records of the Harrisburg 7 conspiracy trial, in which a group of Vietnam War protestors, Ahmad among them, were indicted, and later acquitted, for plotting to kidnap Henry Kissinger. The collection also includes research material collected by Ahmad for his work, and a collection of posters for liberation and revolutionary movements, many from Cuba.
Extent: 12 boxes and 4 tubes(15.25 cubic ft.)
Language: English, French, and Spanish
Identification: MG5

Biographical Note

Eqbal Ahmad, scholar, teacher, writer, international political activist.

Eqbal Ahmad was born in the state of Bihar, India in 1932. When he was 4, his father was killed in a land dispute; in 1948, during the partition of India, he and his family (who were Muslims) moved to Lahore, Pakistan. He attended Foreman Christian College in Lahore, then came to Occidental College in California on a Rotary scholarship in the mid-1950s. He entered Princeton in 1958, where he obtained his doctorate in 1965. He taught at Cornell in the 1960s, was appointed a fellow at the Adlai Stevenson Institute of International Affairs, at the University of Chicago, and later joined the Washington Institute for Policy Studies. He was the first directory of the Transnational Institute in Amsterdam. He married Julie Diamond in 1969, and had one daughter, Dohra.

In 1971, he was one of the Harrisburg 7 indicted for plotting to kidnap Henry Kissinger to protest the U.S. involvement in Vietnam. He was acquitted in 1972, along with all the other alleged co-conspirators. After teaching at various universities, in 1982 he became Professor of Politics and Middle East Studies at Hampshire College, where he taught until he retired in 1997. In his later years he pursued a project of creating an alternative liberal arts college, Khaldunia, for Pakistan, and also wrote a regular column for the Pakistani newpaper, Dawn. Eqbal Ahmad died in 1999, in Islamabad, Pakistan, of complications following surgery for cancer.

A prolific writer, Ahmad wrote extensively on the relationship between the West and the post-colonial states of Africa and Asia. His constant concern for the welfare of people as individuals led him to vehement opposition to war and violence, whether by nation states or by ideological, nationalist or fundamentalist movements. His power of critical analysis made him a valued counselor, as well as an unsparing critic, of leaders and intellectuals in the Middle East and Pakistan, as well as many other parts of the world.

Edward Said wrote of him, "His life was an epic and poetic one, full of wanderings, border crossings, and an almost instinctive attraction to liberation movements, movements of the oppressed and the persecuted, causes of people who were unfairly punished--whether they lived in the great metropolitan centres of Europe and America, or in the refugee camps, besieged cities, and bombed or disadvantaged villages of Bosnia, Chechnya, south Lebanon, Vietnam, Iraq, Iran, and, of course, the Indian subcontinent." (AlAhram Weekly, May 9, 1999)

Return to the Table of Contents


Scope and Contents of the Collection

Correspondence, notes and writings document the life and thought of this eminent Third World scholar. Eqbal Ahmad's major interest in politics and political theory led him to analyze many of the revolutionary and liberation movements of the modern Third World, while remaining vehemently opposed to war and violence. His work examines the consequences of imperialism for developing countries, including anti-imperialist movements, revolutions, and terrorism. His particular area of concern was the Middle East, North Africa, and India and Pakistan, but his interests were wide ranging, and his published writings include works on China, Japan, the Balkans, Latin America and South-east Asia. He was outspoken in his opposition to oppression of all kinds, and many of his columns for the Pakistani newspaper Dawn castigate government corruption, inefficiency and indifference to the plight of the common people. He was an inspiring teacher and an untiring promoter of the value of education, as shown by his work on the Khaldunia University project which proposed an alternative liberal arts college for Pakistan.

Also present are records of the Harrisburg 7 conspiracy trial of 1971-1972, which exemplified the FBI's response to Vietnam war protestors, among whom Eqbal Ahmad must be considered a charter member.

The collection is primarily in English, though a small amount of material is present in French, Arabic, Urdu, Spanish and other modern European languages.

The collection consists of 12 boxes (32 x 27 x 39 cm., 14 cu. ft.) of paper records and AV materials, and 4 tubes (10 x 110 cm., 1.25 cu. ft.) of rolled posters. It includes material dating from 1956 to 1999, with the bulk from 1966 to 1999.

Return to the Table of Contents


Search Terms

Return to the Table of Contents


Organization of the Collection

It is organized into eight series:

Return to the Table of Contents


Series 1. CORRESPONDENCE:

Miscellaneous correspondence is filed first by date, followed by correspondence filed in alphabetical order by correspondent or subject. Ahmad did not keep copies of his own letters as a general rule; the files contain letters almost exclusively addressed to him. Notable correspondents include Daniel Berrigan, Noam Chomsky and Edward Said.

Series 2. GENERAL FILES:

These files contain material listed by subject which are predominantly not correspondence. Several files relate to courses taught, and include syllabi and bibliographies. Also present are files of newspaper clippings about Ahmad, and several files relating to the Khaldunia University project. Three files contain work by Ahmad's brother Saghir Ahmad, who was interested in many of the same topics as Eqbal, but who was killed in an accident in the 1970s.

Series 3. CONSPIRACY TRIAL (KISSINGER PLOT)

Material relating to the Harrisburg 7 conspiracy trial of 1971-72 is filed in this series, including legal documents, correspondence and clippings, as well as Ahmad's notes taken at the trial proceedings.

Series 4. NOTES:

Filed alphabetically by subject, these are voluminous handwritten notes kept by Ahmad on all subjects in which he was interested. They are distinguished from material filed in the Writings Series in that they do not form a coherent narrative.

Series 5. RESEARCH MATERIAL:

These files contain material collected by Ahmad for his own research. Much of this material consists of printed material from Pakistan or other Third World countries, or original (unpublished) material. A bibliography of the journal articles which were weeded during processing appears as the first item in this series. The remaining material is filed alphabetically by subject. There are large amounts of material on Pakistan, Algeria, Israel and Palestine, and Vietnam.

Series 6. WRITINGS

This series contains published and unpublished writings filed alphabetically by title. In some cases, articles may appear twice due to title/subtitle confusion or in cases where the draft of an article has a different title from the published version. In his later years, Ahmad wrote weekly columns for news magazines published in Pakistan (Dawn) and Egypt (AlAhram). There are several files of Dawn columns filed by date in addition to the individual columns filed by title. Also present are some collected files of letters to the editor for various publications. A partial bibliography of published writings by Eqbal Ahmad was prepared by Yogesh Chandrani, a former student and colleague, in the spring of 1999. This bibliography appears as the first folder in this series.

Series 7. AV MATERIAL

Present in this section are videotapes, audiotapes, a small collection of photographs, and miscellaneous material. The collection includes material by and about Ahmad, including the autobiographical Stories My Country Told Me produced by BBC Arena. It also includes items collected by Ahmad for his work. Individual items are listed for this series.

Series 8. POSTERS

Tube 1 contains posters relating to Eqbal Ahmad. Tube 2 contains organizational charts of the revolutionary movement (FLN) in Algiers in the 1950s. Tubes 3 and 4 contain posters for various movements and causes, among them a collection of Cuban posters. Individual items are listed for this series.

Series 1. CORRESPONDENCE:


Box



1
1966-69


1970


1971-72


1980-83


1984-89


1991-92


1993-94


1995-96


1996-98


1999


Aberlee, Kathleen


Activists' Newsletters, solicitations, etc.


Ahmad, Iftikhar


Ahmad, Saghir


Ali, Tariq


Alvi, Hamza


Answered inquiries


Aya, Rod


Bangash, Afzal


BBC Arena. Stories My Country Told Me, 1996


Bechtel Corp.


Berger, John


Berrigan, Daniel


Berlin Institute for Comparative Social Research


Catonsville Nine


Centre for the Study of Developing Societies, 1980, Delhi, India


Chomsky, Noam


Comments re: Northwestern Panel, 1969


Conspiracy Trial


Cornell University


Dowd, Douglas


Ellsberg, Daniel


Falk, Richard


Farhang, Mansour


Freedom of Information Act, 1980-86


Hampshire College


Hampshire College students


Hasan, Khalid


Hochschild, Arlie (Mrs.)


Iran--Government


Job search, 1967-68


Kazim, Raza


Kennan, Elizabeth


Lecture & Article Requests


Letelier, Orlando


Letters of recommendation


John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation


Malley, Simon


McWilliams, Carey


Media


Miscellaneous Correspondence


New York Times


New Yorker


Newsday re: Pakistan


Pakistan Committee for the Promotion of Good Governance


Pakistan, Political Correspondence


Pakistan Television


Palestine National Council


Plowshares


Porter, David


Publishers


Publishers, 1964-67


Rashid, Ahmad


Random House


Re: Dallal, Ahmad


Re: Eqbal's writings


Re: Interview with Phyllis Bennis, 1991


Re: Makiya


Re: Revolution and Counter-revolution


Re: Revolutionary Warfare


Re: Stories My Country Told Me


Rubin, Sam


Said, Edward


Sailer, Randolph


Schaar, Stuart


Schiffrin, Andre


Schoenman, Ralph


Selden, Mark


Shahak, Israel


Shanin, Teodor


Simmons, Adele

Box



2
Simon Fraser University


Tlili (Tilili?), Ahmed


Tunisia


Weiss, Peter


White, Christine


Who's Who


Winder, Bayly


Zaki, Akram

Series 2. GENERAL FILES:


Box



2
Border Crossings (Symposium), 1997


Business cards of correspondents


Certificates, Fellowship


Clippings: Eqbal Ahmad (3 folders)


Clippings: Eqbal Ahmad--Vietnam Protests


Course Notes: Colonial Encounters


Course Notes: Conflict and Revolution in the Middle East


Course Notes: Muslim Law


Course Notes: Politics and Society in the Middle East


Course Notes: Princeton


Course Notes: Revolutionary Warfare


Course Notes: State and Society in the Middle East


Course Notes: The Wars Which Came in from the Cold


Course Notes: World Politics


Course Outlines: Foreign Policy


Course Outlines: Middle East


Course Syllabi


Course Syllabus: SS275: Intellectuals, politics and social change (about Eqbal Ahmad)


Hampshire College reappointment


Khaldunia University--Clippings


Khaldunia University--Correspondence


Resumes


Reviews of Eqbal Ahmad in Pakistan Press


Saghir Ahmad: Ferazis


Saghir Ahmad: Essays


Saghir Ahmad: Papers


TV: the Advocates, WGBH Boston, 1970


Visa

Series 3. CONSPIRACY TRIAL (KISSINGER PLOT)


Box



2
Berrigan, Dan and Phil


Chronology of events


Clippings, July-Dec. 1970

Box



3
Clippings, Jan.-June 1971


Clippings, July-Dec. 1971


Clippings, Jan.-June 1972


Clippings, Undated


Clippings, Co-defendants


Clippings, re: Eqbal Ahmad


Cornell Berrigan-Ahmad Defense Committee


Correspondence


Correspondence, Attorneys


Defense Committee


Defense Committee Financial Records


Defense Fund


Eqbal Ahmad--photographs and press release


FBI Clippings


Harrisburg 8 Defense Committee


Harrisburg Patriot editorial and reply


Indictment and 2nd Indictment


Legal Defense Funds


Legal Documents


Legal Investigation


Lynch Letters


Notes


Trial Notes


Wellfleet meeting, Aug. 1971

Series 4. NOTES:


Box



3
Afghanistan


Africa and the Middle East


Algeria


Algeria ca. 1965-69

Box



4
Algeria: UGTA


Angola


Arab-Israeli War


Bibliographies


Argentina


Z.A. Bhutto


Bosnia


Brazil


Camp David


Central Asia


China


Clash of civilizations


Communism


Comparative Government


Conference, 6/13/87


Counter Insurgency


Cuba


Culture and the state


Democracy


Dependency and Development


East Timor


Economic Development


Economics


Elites


Europe


Evaluations


Film: Battle of Algiers


Fundamentalism


Government and Revolution


Greece


Che Guevara


Gulf War


History of the Middle East


Human Rights


Ideologies of difference


India


Indo-Pakistan War


The Intellectual and the State


Interview: Housepian: Middle East


Intifada


Iran


Islam


Israel


Israel and the U.S.


Japan


Kashmir, 1965


Henry Kissinger


Lebanon


Lectures


Lectures, 1991


Lectures, 1994-1996


Lectures: Vietnam


Lecture Notes, North Africa


Long Peace


M.E. Committee on New Alternatives


Middle East-Lectures


Middle East-Politics


Notes: Misc. I - III


Misc. 1993-1996


Misc. 1997-1999


National Question


Nationalism and Imperialism


Neo-Fascism


Nineteenth Century

Box



5
North Africa


North Africa 1959


Pakistan


Pakistan--drafts of speech


Pakistan (written in?)


Palestine


PAWSS Talk--June 1997


Peasants


Political Development--Democracy


Politics, Misc.


Post-Election


Rethinking the Cold War


Revolutionary Warfare


Said on Palestine


Southeast Asia


State and Society


State on Dependant Society


Stray


Talks


Technology in the Third World


Terrorism


Trade Unions


Tunisia


Tunisia: note cards, 1956-1958


The 20th Century


U.S. and the Third World


U.S. and Western Europe


U.S. Foreign Policy


U.S. in the Mid-East


U.S.--U.S.S.R. Relations


Vietnam


Violence/governance


Warfare


West Bank


World Politics


Yale Conference 1993

Series 5. RESEARCH MATERIAL:


Box



5
Bibliography of articles weeded during processing. 8/00


Afghanistan


Fouad Ajami


Ahmad, Iftikhar


Alavi, Hamza


Algeria--Elections


Arab-Israeli War


Ashraf Ghani articles


Arabic Readings

Box



6
Dallal, Jenine


Camp David


China


Colonial India


Edhi, Abdul Sattar


Daniel Ellsberg


Emails, 1995-98


Film: Mohammed, Messenger of God


From Disturbance to Disturbance: Anthology of Third World Poetry


The Gulf War


Gramsci


India


Indochina


Indochina War Information Packet


International Conference on Vietnam, 1965


Interview--Nubar. Middle East


Iran


Iran--Hostages


Islam


Israel


Jerusalem


Kashmir


Henry Kissinger


Nicaragua


North Africa


Nuclear Weapons: Islamic Dimensions


Pakistan


Pakistan Forum


Pakistan--Human Rights


Pakistan--Nuclear


Palestine


Palestinians--Education


Princeton Course Bibliographies


Revolutions


Saudi Arabia-U.S. Relations


Shahak, Israel


South Asian Dialogue


Soviet Jews


Syed, Ansaruddin


Technology development

Box



7
Terrorism


Transcript of Eqbal Ahmad lecture by Kofi Annan


Tunisia


United Nations


Urdu Readings


Urban Guerrilla Warfare


U.S. Defense Department


Vietnam


West Bank

Series 6. WRITINGS


Box



7
Eqbal Ahmad Bibliography, June 2000, prepared by Yogesh Chandrani


An accord on apartheid. 1995


An address in Gaza. 1994


The Afghan lessons. 1992


After the hot Indian summer. 1991


After the Indian winter. 1985


After 'the little man in a hurry'. 1997


After the peace of the weak. 1998


After the war is over. 1991


After the winter bombs. 1998


An agenda for negociations. 1993


Aladdin's useless lamp. 1998


Albright's troubled journey. 1997


Algeria began badly. 1997


Algeria's unending tragedy. 1997


All hell has broken loose in Pakistan (Interview). 1987


All in 15 days! 1995


America and Russia in South Asia: conflict or collusion. 1974


America as superpower: how we look to the Third World. 1969


America's electoral message. 1992


America's Gulf War: neglected perspectives. 1990


An American Middle East quiz. 1998


An American revolt: 1996. 1996


Americans should reassess policy on weapons sales. 1985


ANC and PLO: sad comparisons. 1994


Apocalypse tomorrow. 1998


Approaching peace in Afghanistan. 1995


Apropos de l'imperio.


Apres l'escalade massive, la guerre d'usure. 1970


Arab world under siege. 1997


Al Arabi article (in Arabic). 1998


Arafat's choice. 1993


The arms habit. 1979


Army doctrine still lacks innovation. 1989


Article re: pro-Israeli bias in American press (in Arabic). 1994


The artless retreat. 1993


As Afghanistan goes. 1995


As Pakistan slides into anarchy. 1997


As Pakistanis living in North America...


Assessing Operation Infinite Reach. 1998


At Cold War's end, a world of pain. 1993


At the rendevous of victory. 1994


Atomic gains, nuclear losses. 1998


Autoportrait de M. Kissinger. 1975


The banal in journalism. 1996


Bandung requiem. 1992


Battle for the Muslim soul. 1991


BCCI Blues. 1991


Behind Arafat's electoral victory.


Behind blown bridges. 1999


Behind NATO's bombs. 1995


Behind the crisis in Sindh. 1990


Behind the struggle for Bangla Desh (interview). 1971


A besieged imperial presidency. 1998


The betrayed promise. 1995


Between past and the future. 1994


Beyond Arafat's antics. 1994


Beyond the referendum: an Asian view. 1966


Beyond the resignations: good government. 1989


Beyond this battle of Karachi. 1995


Bhutto's tragedy, Sharif's challenge. 1997


Bill Clinton turns to God. 1998


The bitter harvest of U.S. interventionism. 1980


BJP's challenge to Pakistan. 1998


Bloody games. 1988


Blueprint for bloodshed. 1989


Bona fide archives of Palestinian History. 1983


Bone-breaker! Peacemaker? 1992


Bonnie and Clyde in Karachi. 1999


Book Reviews


Born again apartheid.


Bosnia: an unorthodox proposal. 1992


Bosnia: staring into the future. 1996


Bourguiba, Habib. 196?


Budget blues: year after year. 1992


The bus can bring a Nobel Prize. 1999


By losing, he has won. 1997


...by twisting Arab's arms. 1991


Camp David as model.


Campagne pour la democratie en Pakistan. 1983


Candles at the tunnel's end.


The case of liberal education in the Third World and its relevance for


the poor.


Causes for anxiety--and remedies.


Causes of ethnic conflict in Sindh. 1990


The challenge in Sindh. 1992


The challenge of democracy. Paper to be delivered at conference in Malaysia. 1984


Change or status quo? 1998


Charlie Reese's Mid-East quiz. 1998.


China


Citizen's Guide to U.S. Foreign Policy in the 1970's (book) ch.I-IV. 1974


Citizen's Guide...ch.V-VI


Clash of civilizations. 1997


Clinton's Carter legacy. 1992


Clinton's reliability problem. 1995


The Cold War from the standpoint of its victims.


Colonial strategy: to say that the U.S. and the U.S.S.R. are brothers is


wrong! (In Urdu) 1976


Colonial war strategy: what changes are taking place in the U.S.A.? (In Urdu)


Colonial strategy: to say that the U.S. and the U.S.S.R. are brothers is wrong! (in Urdu) 1976


Colonial war strategy: what changes are taking place in the U.S.A.? (in Urdu)


Come July, sue U.S. and Lockheed. 1995


Commencement address, Hampshire College. 1997


Comments on Skocpol. (Iran, 1982)


Comments on the military-bureaucratic governments of the Middle East and


North Africa. 1973


Comparative biography of M.A. Jinnah and M.A.K. Azad


Comparative study of national liberation movements: the Palestinian case. 1983


Comprehending terror. 1986

Box



8
The conflict within. 1998


Confronting reality in Kashmir.


Congress of crime.


Contre la guerre du Viet-nam, 1970


The controversy over Kosovo. 1999


A conversation with Gujval. 1998


Counter-insurgency. 1971


Country facing crisis of legitimacy: Dr. Eqbal (interview). 1995


Covering the Middle East. 1991


Crackdown on justice: General Zia is now the law. 1981


Cracks in elite consensus. 1991


Cracks in the western world(view). 1985


Crimes of omission. 1991


Crude politics: the slick suppression of facts on the Middle East. 1990


Cruelties compounded. 1993


Culture against democracy. 1995


Culture of complaint. 1994


Culture and violence II. 1998


Culture of imperialism. 1997


Cyclone in East Pakistan. 1970


The danger and opportunity in Bosnia. 1996


David takes on Goliath. 1999


Dawn articles. 1991


Dawn articles. 1992


Dawn articles. 1993


Dawn articles. 1994


Dawn articles. 1995


Dawn articles. 1997


Dawn articles. 1998


The day after. 1991


The decline of Muslim societies. 1995


Democrats against democracy. 1999


Democracy in Pakistan: the challenge. 1989


Democracy, Indian-style. 1997


Democracy: the prospects. 1989


Democracy: wishful perspectives. 1989


Democracy without democrats. 1997


Disarmament Movement: a critique. 1987


Discriminatory proliferation. 1993


Disturbing differences between PLO and ANC. 1995


Don't write to the General. 1992


Dr. Eqbal plans a university (interview)


Draft--Le Monde on Pakistan. Aug, 1977


The dynasty strikes back. 1998


Edhi's people.


Editorial (re: Jerusalem), Arab News and Views. 1969


Editorial, re: Pakistan. Aug, 1971?


Education policy: a critique


Eliminating nuclear arms race in the subcontinent. 1995


Elite classes and the crisis of state and society in Pakistan. 1990


Encounter with an Islamist. 1998


Encounters on arrival. 1996?


End game in Afghanistan. 1992


The end of Atlanticism. 1993


Eqbal Ahmad: think critically and take risks (interview with Barsamian).


1996


Eqbal Ahmad's crystal ball. 1993


Eqbal interview.


An era of grief.


L'Espagne du tiers monde. 1972


An essay in reconciliation. 1980


Exit friendly tyrant! 1997


The fall and rise of the Bhuttos of Pakistan. 1989


Falling through the cracks. 1998


The family of nations' poor relations. 1985


Farewell to an adversary. 1995


Farooq Sumar's public FIR. 1995


Feudal culture and violence. 1998


Fever: between past and the future. 1994


Finelines. 1990


Fire on the mountain. 1998


Flash point for Armageddon. 1982


Focus on Iran. 1992


From potato sack to potato mash. 1980


Further notes on South Asia in crisis (response to Mahajani). 1973


General Zia is now the law. 1981


General Zia's last ditch. 1983


Geneva: it won't matter to U.S. if we settle now.


Gli spettri del Doktor Kissinger. 1975


The governor's challenge. 1998


The Gulf crisis: how we got here. 1990


The Gulf in the American media. 1991


The Gulf war. 1993


Halfway to a century.


Halfway to freedom: dates with disaster. 1997


Hard year of hope. 1996


Have bowl, will travel.


Hawks make strange bedfellows. 1998


Al Hayat articles.


Healing a wounded constitution. 1996?


Helter-skelter government. 1992


'Het is krisis. Wat een kans!' 1984


The high and the humble. 1994


'Hindutva' in a shambles. 1993


Holes dug deeper. 1998


Hope hesitates in Algeria. 1999


Hope returns to Algeria. 1999


How a continent divided? 1997


Human rights in Morocco and Tunisia. 1978


The hundred-hour war. 1991


Hussein, Rashed. 1978


'I am the destiny.' 1998


I have hope in our people, not in our ruling classes. 1986


If Pakistan slides into civil war. 1983


The imperatives of peace. 1997


Imperial presidency under siege. 1998


In a land without music. 1995


In a lush, tormented land. 1997


In Afghanistan: cease fire, please! 1991


In fifteen days. 1995


In Pakistan, a looming crisis. 1979


In Pakistan: return of the vice regents.


In praise of resistance. 1995


In the light of Amnesty report: Farooq Sumar case. 1995


India's dangerous decade. 1997


India's mess gets messier. 1998


India's muted response.


India's obsession, our choice. 1998


India's obsession, Pakistan's choice. 1998


India's uncertain future. 1985


India's uncertain future. 1991


Indirect guilt. 1983


Indus Valley School of Art and Architecture Convocation address. 1995


Intellectual's role in society. 1995


Interview. Oct. 17, 1983


Interview: Eqbal Ahmad: Pakistan and U.S. strategy. 1980


Interview--Illustrated Weekly of India. 1985


Interview--NOHA


Interview, re: Iran (in Arabic). 1981


Interview with Barsamian. 1998


Interview with Al-Hurriya. 1971


Interview with Dr. Eqbal Ahmad.


Interview with Harold Aram Veeser. 1990


Interview with Julia Rabig. 1997


Interview with Muravchik. 1980


Interview with Nubar Housepian. 1980


Interview with the Cleveland Beacon. 1981


Introduction [to a book of interviews with E. Said]


Introduction to The Invasion of Lebanon.


Iran: a possible landmark. 1979


Iran and the West: a century of subjugation. 1980


Iran-deskundige Eqbal Ahmad: 'De mullahs worden in Iran in toenemende mate gewantrouwd'. 1980


Iran-kenner Eqbal Ahmad:'Chomeini is geen maniak'. 1980


The Iran-Iraq war.


The Iranian hundred years war. 1979


Iranian revolution: a landmark for the future. 1979


Iran's cultural revolution.


Iran's Islamic opposition. 1991


Iran's landmark revolution: 15 years later. 1994


Iran's quiet thermidor. 1991


Is Indo-Pak war imminent? 1991


Islam and politics. 1984


Islam as refuge from failure. 1998


The 'Islamic' nemesis. 1992


An 'Islamic" predicament.


Islamism: message from Turkey. 1997


Israel and U.S.A.: Mr. Roger's non-plan. 1970


Israel and U.S.A.: toward a Mediterranean treaty organization. 1970


Israel and U.S.A.: toward a new pact. 1970


Israel's power: how much glitter, how much gold? 1985


Japan


'The Jews who run Clinton's court'. 1995


Jihad International, Inc. 1995


Jinnah, in a class of his own. 1995


Judge's day in Pakistan. 1997


Just what in the world makes terrorists tick? 1985


Justice at risk. 1994


Karachi's alarming message. 1995


Kashmir: a framework for peace. 1998


Kashmir: elements of impasse. 1996


Kashmir: India's nemesis. 1990


Kashmir: necessity of choice.


A Kashmiri solution for Kashmir.


A Kashmiri solution for Kashmir. 1996


Keynote address by Dr. Eqbal Ahmed.


King Hussein's dual legacy. 1999

Box



9
Land grab in ivory tower. 1996


Lanka's war: is the end in sight? 1997


Last call for Bosnia. 1993


Law against justice. 1992


Lecture: Mahgreb in the 19th century.


Lebanon (draft)


Lebanon's economic mystery. 1998


Let us have a party. 1991


Letter to a Pakistani diplomat. 1971


A letter to Mr. Douglas Hurd.


Letter to the editor, NYT (unprinted). 1995


Letters to editors.


A limited agenda for education.


The limits of 'infinite reach'. 1998


London Weekend panel. 1978


A loner's crowded world. 1994


The long marsh [i.e. march]. 1992


Look who's sipping tea, waiting to pounce. 1991


Looking ahead with anxiety. 1997


Los Angeles: rising up angry. 1992


The Maulana's anguish. 1994


The Maulana's lieutenant. 1993


The Maulana's troubles. 1995


Meanings in the disaster.


Mechanical failure. 1998


Memorial for an exile: Rashed Hussein (1926-77). 1977


Men on Capitol Hill. 1991


MERIP's fifteenth anniversary.


The message from Hangu. 1998


The message from Mexico. 1995


M'hamed Ali and the Tunisian labor movement. 1978


M'hamed Ali et les fondements du mouvement syndical tunisian. 1978


M'hamed Ali: Tunisian labor organizer. 1993


Middle East peace priorities in the U.S. 1989


Middle Eastern triage. 1992


Mirage. 1975


A mirage mis-named strategic depth. 1998


Missile diplomacy. 1998


A moment of cheer. 1991


M. Rajiv Gandhi sur la ligne de depart. 1985


Morality on the firing line. 1997


Morocco's Saharan venture. 1979


Mother of all defeats. 1996


Motion without progress. 1997


Ms. Bhutto's options. 1989


Murder of a metropolis. 1994


Muslims split on 'Mohammed': to see or not to see? 1977


A myopic movement. 1986


Nathan Krystall. 1995


NATO has failed. 1999


NATO, Kosovo and Russia. 1999


The necessity of choice. 1992


The nemesis of Benazir Bhutto. 1990


The neo-fascist state. 1981


A new era or flash in the pan? 1997


New York Review of Books letters.


NYT letter re: Nixon's Indochina policy.


NYT letter re: Pakistan


NYT letters to the editor


NYT Op Ed pieces and responses. 1979


NYT Op Ed piece re: Tunisia and responses. 1978


Newsline. 1992


A nexus of power, politics, ideology and greed.


Nightmare victory? 1991


1992: requiem and a prayer. 1993


1997: the year of the dead. 1998


1998: the year of the 'bum'. 1999


No alternative to dialogue. 1998


No more Vietnams (debate with Huntington). 1968


No, not again! 1992


No swing in the Sri Lankan pendulum. 1997


Notes on South Asia in crisis. 1972


La nouvelle muraille de Chine. 1969


Nuclear gains and the losses. 1998


Nurturing democracy. 1992


Off to a bad start. 1997


Oh, men of clay. 1991


On accountability and governance.


On Arab bankruptcy. 1982


On the road to religious fascism. 1999


Only as good as its members. 1985


An organization of the abject. 1997


The other side of Indian Punjab. 1994


Pain in Gulliver's neck. 1994


Pak, India share much despite friction. (interview) 1994


Pakistan after Zia. 1988


Pakistan and the Nixon doctrine. 1973


Pakistan at forty-eight. 1994


Pakistan disaster (March, 1970)


Pakistan: entering the 21st century. 1996


Pakistan Forum.


Pakistan in crisis: an interview with Eqbal Ahmed. 1980


Pakistan in Le Monde Diplomatique, 10/77, 12/83


Pakistan is on the brink of civil war.


Pakistan: l'intervention de l'armee a accru les risques d'explosion. 1977


Pakistan mourns Zia's death less than the U.S. government. 1988


Pakistan, plus or minus? 1997


Pakistan portents. 1993


Pakistan: signposts to a police state. 1974


Pakistan: signposts to what? 1974


Pakistan's Afghan problem. 1994


Pakistan's American illusion. 1995


Pakistan's Benazir predicament. 1999


Pakistan's endangered history. 1995


Pakistan's feudal burden.


Pakistan's foreign policy: a modest agenda. 1990?


[Pakistan's] foreign policy: a modest agenda--III. 1990


Pakistan's foreign policy: the freeze. 1990?


[Pakistan's foreign policy:] the freeze--II. 1990


Pakistan's Kashmir tangle. 1995


Pakistan's nuclear gains and the loss. 1998


Pakistan's oligarchic predicament. 1993


Pakistan's Praetorian curse. 1989


Pakistan's predicament. 1991


Pakistan's super-bureaucrat does it again. 1993


Pakistan's uncertain future. 1996


Pakistan: the troubled waters. 1984


Palestine memo. 1991


Parliamentary harakiri. 1994


Peace in the Middle East: a lost opportunity. 1995


The Peace Movement and the Third World. 1985


Peace of the weak. 1993


People are robbed of their verdict. 1990


Persian Gulf revisited. 1981


A perspective from the Third World on war and its abolition: an interview with Eqbal Ahmad. 1980


"Pioneering" in the nuclear age: an essay of Israel and the Palestinians. 1984


Players in the Afghan game. 1995


La politica exterior norte-americano en la decada de los sententas: panorama general. 1975


Political culture and foreign policy. 1976


Political violence. 1990


Politics and labor in Tunisia (doctoral dissertation). 1967


Politics without vision. 1997


Portent of a new century.


Post-colonial systems of power. 1980


Posturing vs. policy-making. 1993


Power by proxy. 1987


Power failure: an interview with Eqbal Ahmad. 1980


The press and the politicians. 1989


The price of freedom. 1997


Primer for revolutionary guerrillas. 1968


Problems of national unity.


Profile of the religious right. 1999


Proposal--Palestine.


Prospects in Central Asia. 1992


The public relations of ethnocide. 1983

Box



10
The Quaid commemorated. 1995


The question of Iraq (review of Makiya). 1993


A question of values. 1992


Questions of responsibility. 1992


Questions of right. 1992


The race for president. 1993


Racism and the state: coming crisis in U.S.-Japanese relations. 1991


Radical but wrong. 1968


Rafsanjani's challenge.


Razia Bhatti: a tribute. 1996


Reason as spectator. 1998


The reconquest of Mexico. 1995


Reconstruction in Iran. 1991


Red in tooth and claw. 1998


Reinventing education wheel. 1998


Reflections on farmer organization for the management of irrigated agriculture in Sindh. 1991


Releve politique dans le sous-continent Indien. 1978


Religion in politics. 1999


Religion in religious politics. 1999


Remembering Sidi Mohammed. 1992


Replacing Camp David. 1981


Reply to Dawidowicz. 1982


Reply to Gellner. 1993


Reply to Hauser. 1982


Reply to Makiya and Yapp.


Rescuing Dayton. 1997


Response to Weschler, Farhang and Makiya. 1993?


Return of the 'northern tier'. 1996


Returning to the world that Washington wants (in Arabic). 1975


Review of Debray. 1968


Review of E. Said, the Question of Palestine. 1980


Review of Kalam. 1999


Revolution in revolution.


Revolutionary war and counter-insurgency. 1971


Revolutionary warfare. 1965


Revolutionary warfare and counter-insurgency. 1971.


Revolutionary warfare conference.


Revolutionary warfare: how to tell when the rebels have won. 1965


The riddle of crossing the river.


Roots of the religious right. 1999


Roots of violence in contemporary Pakistan. 1998


Roots of violence in Pakistan. 1998


Royal players in Afghan Buzkashi? 1995


Rush to recognize Israel. 1993


Russia's strategic predicament. 1997


Russia's tormented soul. 1995


The Satanic Verses. 1989


A savage exchange. 1992


Saying the unsayable. 1995


Season of surrender.


Sectarianizing national identity. 1992


The see-saw war. 1987


Settler colonialism: peace of the weak to Wye's rebirth of apartheid. 1999


The shame of our times.


The shame of the nation. 1995


Shotgun governance. 1999


The signals soldiers pick. 1995


Smile the beloved country! 1994


Some thoughts on military intervention, Vietnam and the Third World.


Soul struggles. 1991


South Africa: at the rendezvous of victory. 1994


South Africa's troubled politics. 1997


A South Asian dialogue. 1993


South Asia's American illusions. 1993


South Asia's savage exchange. 1992


Soviet Union.


Speech, AAUG. 1979


Speech at Georgetown.


Speech at Sage Chapel, Cornell Univ., 1966


Speech, Indus Valley School of Art and Architecture. 1995


The spirit of Muharram. 1992


The spoils of war. 1989


Stalemate at Jalalabad. 1989


State and its terrorists. 1995


State and opposition in Islamic society. 1984


A state without statesmen. 1997


The subcontinental nemesis. 1992


Suharto vs. Indonesia. 1979


Swat Workshop lecture (in Urdu). 1996


Syed Amjad Ali, 1907-1997. 1997


Tahar Haddad, a Tunisian activist intellectual. 1997


Talk at Georgetown U. 1992


Talk: what's behind the crises in Afghanistan and Iran? 1980


Talks: Yale, Said, terrorism.


A teardrop on the Indian Ocean. 1997


Tension in Tunisia. 1978


Terrorism: the anti-communist link.


Theories of counterinsurgency. 1970


Thinking the unthinkable. 1986


Third World distrust.


Third World Writers Conference. 1987


This nation is at risk. 1994


A time to remember. 1992


To America with a bowl. 1998


A town called Shantinagar. 1997


Trade unionism. 1966


The tragedy lingers on. 1994


The tragedy of Palestine. 1980


Transnational Institute for Policy Studies. 1980-81


Tribute to a crusader. 1996


A tribute to our pioneers.


The troubles ahead.


A tug of war for Muslims' allegiance. 1991


Tunisia.


Tunisia, the development of reform unionism.


Tunnel at the end of the tunnel.


Turning Islam into a liability. 1998


Turning the tide in Bosnia.


The U.N. at forty. 1985


The U.N. Sept., 1985


U.N. Speech, 1982


U.S. chickens home to roost. 1997


U.S. foreign policy in the 1970's: an overview. 1974


U.S.A. 1994. 1995?


U.S.'s Mid-East predicament. 1998


Untitled essay on Lin Piao. 1966


Victims of the market. 1992?


A vigil of vultures. 1992


The violated rules--I. 1990


Violence in dar-ul-Islam. 1998


Voting under the gun. 1996


Wages of dependency.


Wanted: a foreign policy. 1994


War and its abolition (Heiserman interview). 1979


War of the rentier states. 1984?


War on women. 1994


The war without end. 1992


Washington's predicament. 1998


We have been here before. 1989


We have no choice but to resist martial law. (interview with Eqbal Ahmad). 1997


We meet again. 1992


The weak shall inherit the wind. 1993


Welcome, uneasy restoration. 1993


Welcome war in Bosnia.


West's odious role in Bosnia. 1992


What after "strategic depth"? 1998


What Arabs know and you don't. 1991


What he died for. 1995


What Washington wants. 1975


What's behind the crises in Iran and Afghanistan. 1980


What's in a name.


When government violates the law. 1995


When mountains die. 1998


When the tail wags the dog. 1991


Where and when we blundered.


Where cowardice follows crime.


Where the public is private. 1996


While you were away. 1995


Whose Third World? 1979


Why hasn't the P.M. responded? 1997


Why NATO has failed. 1999


Will quiet revolution continue? 1997


Winning hearts and minds: the theory and fallacies of counterinsurgency. 1971


Words and no deeds? 1995


The world according to Eqbal (interview). 1993


World conflict zones: international and regional responses. 1994


A world of pain. 1993


'A world restored' revisited: American diplomacy in the Middle East. 1976


Worldwide threat: U.S. perception. 1995


The wrestling diplomacy. 1998


Wrestling for detente. 1998


Writings on the wall. 1995


Yasser Arafat's nightmare (interview). 1983


The year of muted chaos. 1995


Year of NAFTA. 1994


The year of the yawn. 1996


Yet again a new Nixon. 1994


Yet another blow to democracy.


Your country's balance sheet. 1995


Zealots on the loose. 1994


Zia is a Punjabi Kulak. 1985


Zia is no spokesman. 1980


Zia's death is a metaphor for the state of Pakistan. 1988


Zia's hand in Sindh's agony. 1990


Zia's state terrorism. 1982.

Series 7. AV MATERIAL


Box



11
3/4" videocassette


"Border Crossings". 1 hr. 31 min. (#1: Tapes 1-3, #2: Tapes 4-6, #3: Tapes 7-9). Alchymedia/Chris Belcher.


VHS videocassettes


Arena: Eqbal Ahmad: On the Grand Trunk Road. NTSC.


"Arena" Eqbal Rm. Playout (MRS 125173) 1996. BBC TV Viewing Tape.


c/c Eqbal 2 Assembly


"Dealing with the Demon". 7 min. Australian High Commission.


Dharam Yudh.


Distorted Image. (18 min.)


Eqbal Ahmad: "Global-Local" - Closing Remarks. 10-17-98.


Eqbal Ahmad: "Power Syndromes and World Realities". PAWSS Summer Institute, 1997. (1 hr., 7 min.).


Eqbal - Tape 1. Ted Koppel.


"The Eunuch Song". DBC, 1995.


"Fidel" (Spanish with English subtitles), 10-22-93. 1 hr. 36 min. for Policy Studies.


1st Convocation, Textile Institute of Pakistan. NISC (46 min.)


"Flashpoint: Israeli-Palestinian Conflict". R. Khalidi.


German TV Report.


"El Golpe del Estado en Chile: The Takeover of the Government in Chile" Documentation. 9/11/73, from Alfonso Stefanini.


"Gulf Crisis TV Project":1) War, Oil & Power; 2) Operation Dissidence; 3) Getting Out of the Sand Trap; 4) Bring the Troops Home Now! Paper Tiger Television & Deep Dish Satellite Network.


"Heart of the Matter" BBC, 35 min. Christic Institute.


Indus Valley School of Art and Architecture: 2nd Convocation. 1995 Hakim Sons.


Iqbal Rizza, Eqbal Ahmad: PAWSS Lecture.


"Iraq - Iran" on MacNeil/Lehrer with Eqbal Ahmad. 1/29/91? Note on tape - "ruined hodge podge"


Japanese Report. NHK Japanese TV. 11-16-96.


"A Line in the Sand, War or Peace?" 1-14-91, ABC News Special.


NTSC - Eqbal (Non-edited version).


Pakistan Story - DFP


"Perspectives on the Gulf Crisis" (with Eqbal Ahmad) 1990. 30 min. Institute for Policy Studies (IPS) & Center for Defense Information (CDI) 2 copies.


Reading Faiz: Eqbal Ahmad, Agha Shahid Ali, Naomi Lazar, Sara Sulesi. 11-21-96.


"Report from Iraq". Institute for Policy Studies.


Said: "The Arabs"


"Songs of Struggle, Songs of Peace" 3-16-96, MLDS Symposium - Poetry Reading.


"Talking About the 21st Century"


Tellstar News: Cesar Chavez (31 min. 30 sec.); Sen. Eugene McCarthy (16 min. 45 sec.); Sen. Eugene McCarthy (22 min. 19 sec.); Tellstar News Promo (7 min.). Readus W. Fletcher Production.


"The Uncompromising Revolution" (54 min. 39 sec.) The Cinema Guild.


Vincent Ferraro, Pavel Machala, Eqbal Ahmad: "Bosnia: What Role for the US? (59 min.).

Box



12
Legacies of Eqbal Ahmad - Edward Said


Legacies of Eqbal Ahmad - Tapes 1-6. 9-17-99.


Audiocassettes


Daniel Sheehan - "Contragate". 2-1-87. Beverly Hills High School.


Dr. Forouhar, NF (Tapes 1 & 2, sides 1, 2, 3). Cig. Striker (side 4) 10-11-78


Dr. Sanjabi (Tapes 1 & 2, sides 1,2,3,4) 10-11-78.


"Faiz". Vol. 2.


George Houser and Cockcroft (side 1), McHenry (side 2). 10-11-78.


Mr. Nazih (Head of Jurists Assoc.) Tape #1, sides 1 & 2, parts 1 & 2) 10-12-78. Mr. Nazih (Tape #2, side 1 - part 3). Khomeni's Brother (side 2) 10-12-78.


"Palestine's Women: Resistance & Change" (side 1); "Children of the Stones" (side 2)


"The Palestinian Future", Edward Said. Alternative Radio, 3-26-98.


Shariatmadari. QOM 10-13-78 (sides 1 & 2).


"Waging War/Nuclear Age" 10/16-17/87 Tape 1: Disarmament Program Contras/Every Continent: Ahmad, Chanda, Honey, McGehee, Urdang The Riverside Church. Tapes 2 & 3: Afghanistan: Superpowers Come Close: Eqbal Ahmad.


7-1/2" monophonic audio tapes


Eqbal Ahmad Mem. Room (3 tapes). 2-15-66. Parts 1,2,3. Tape 1-"Clubb's last words & questions"


3M R60 digital audio tape


Eqbal--Addl. material for BBC. 9/19/96.


Miscellaneous material


Border Crossings: Eqbal Ahamad retires, Oct. 3 & 4, 1997. (Scrapbook: photographs by Rebecca A. Kandel).


Border Crossings: 2 1/2" videocassettes. Democracy University special edition, 1997.


Rectangular plaque on wood: "The United Holy Land Fund honors Professor Eqbal Ahmad for his outstanding support to the United Holy Land Fund and for his committment to the Palestinian people in their march towards liberation and freedom in Palestine. Chicago, Oct. 23, 1988."


Round pewter plaque: "For Eqbal Ahmad, MERIP 15th Anniversary, Apr. 5, 1986"


1 box 5 1/4" diskettes, + 1 zip disc "Backup of Eqbal's hard drive, 3/25/98"


26 photographic prints, Pakistani(?) people by "a famous Pakistani photographer", according to Yogesh Chandrani, 7/00.


Additional Material


VHS Videocassettes


Dr. C.A. Qadir 7th Memorial Lecture. Speaker: Prof. Iqbal, "Intellectual & state", 2/12/97


Farmer's Field Day and Workshop at village Karmalikhan Jamali. 12/31/90


1st Convocation, Textile Institute of Pakistan.


Perspectives on the Gulf Crisis. 1990


Women of Orangi (1990); OPP Documentary (1986); Orangi Pilot Program (1989); Katchi Abadi Squatter Settlement in Pak.


1 videocassette labeled in Arabic or Urdu.


Audiotape Cassettes


Countdown on the Gulf. A WBAI Special Premium. 3 cassettes.


Dispatches--Public Radio News Services. 1 cassette.


Hampshire College Commencement, 5/17/97. 1 cassette.


Islam Progs 1 & 2. Islam Faith & Power 3. 3 cassettes.


MLDS Panel Discussion, 3/16/92. 2 cassettes.


On Afghanistan with Eqbal Ahmed. 1 cassette.

Series 8. POSTERS



The challenge of Third World Culture. Duke Univ., 9/25-27/86. 2 copies, one signed by participants.


Border Crossings: the committments of a political intellectual: a celebration of the life and work of Eqbal Ahmad. Hampshire College, 10/3-4/97. 2 copies Noam Chomsky. Hampshire College, 10/3/97 Edward Said. UMass, 10/3/97


Kofi Annan: The inaugural Eqbal Ahmad lecture. Hampshire College, 9/16/98. 2 copies


Edward Said: the annual Eqbal Ahmad lecture. Hampshire College, 9/17/99. 2 copies


The legacies of Eqbal Ahmad. Hampshire College, 9/18/99. 2 copies


Organisation F.L.N. Alger. Scema provisoire au 8 Mars 57.


Organisation Rebelle d'Alger.


La Mujer Hebrea de Bertold Brecht. Julio '68.


No Mas Armas Nucleares por los Ninos. Vote!


La Nueva Escuela. Film Cubano en colores, direccion: Jorge Fraga. Niko 73.


El Machete. Dibujo animado Cubano en colores. Direccion: Juan Padron.


Si salgo, llego...si llego, entro...si entro, triunfo/Fidel. Instituto


Cubano del Arte e Industria Cinematograficos.


El Otro Francisco. Film Cubano/direccion: Sergio Giral.


Y Donde Estaremos el 2 de Enero? En la cana!


El tiempo es el viento. Film Cubano en colores. Dir: Santiago Alvarez.


Niko 77.


Centenario de Lenin. Instituto Cubano de Arte e Industria Cinematograficos. Niko 69


Con las banderas victoriosas del moncada y del Marxismo-Leninismo conquistando el porvenir.


1959-1969 Tenth anniversary of the Cuban rebellion.


Jornada Ideologica: 50 Anniversario del primer partido Marxista- Leninista.


Seguiremos navegando existosamente en el granma hacia el futuro.


Bello es vera un partido de revolucion...


Congreso PCC: fortalecer el partido.


Al primer congreso por nuevas victorias de la patria y del socialismo


Hacer el macimo y hacerlo todo.


La humanidad marcha inevitablemente hacia el socialismo.


Fortalecer al amistad con la union sovietica y demas paises socialista en saludo.


La fuerza del partido radica en su vinculacion estrecha con las masas.


Hasta la victoria siempre.


Departmento de orientacion revolucionaria 1975.


En 1969 mantendremos la misma proteccion contra la polio.


Universite Euro-Arabe d'Ete. Rencontre de musique Mediterraneenne. Ete 86.


You are invited to a festival of hope in support of Plowshares 8.


Vietnam siempre. 1973.


Kissinger rescued in protest at Brasil college. 1984.


Artists call against U.S. Intervention in Central America. January 1984.


Farewell at the hour of parting: in commemoration of the 10th anniversary


of the Angolan armed struggle for independence 1961-1971.


Fateh: Revolution until victory.


Fateh: 18 years of armed struggle.


The Israeli occupation of the West Bank/Gaza Strip: the economic and political geography of oppression.


Disarmament: the UN second special session on disarmament 1982.


Enough massacres.


New Nazis, new victims.


Liberte pour les prisonniers et libanais du camp d'Al-Anser.


Stop the holocaust of Palestinians.


16-17 September 1982 Sabra and Shatila.


A bientot!


Le nouvel exode des Palestinians.


Peace for Palestine.


The Indochinese fought not only for themselves, but for all the peoples of the world.


Day of solidarity with Zimbabwe.


1970.


For an independent South Yemen.